Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Biogas dari Fraksi Organik Sampah Padat Kota Medan dengan Kapasitas Olahan 1.800 Ton Sampah/Hari dan Tugas Khusus Rancangan Keteknikan Detail CO2 Absorber

Abstract

One of the environmental problems faced in Medan City is municipal waste which is dominated by food waste or its organic fraction (FOSP), which is 48% of the total waste. In general, FOSP contains 30 - 69% carbohydrates, 5 - 10% protein, and 10 - 40% lipids which makes it potential as a suitable raw material in the anaerobic digestion process to produce biogas. Biogas technology is an energy conversion technology that is easy to apply, environmentally friendly, raw materials are easy to obtain, and has a high calorific value. Biogas can be used as lighting, cooking, or driving machines so that it is considered feasible to be one of the alternative energy in the future. The pre-designed biogas manufacturing plant is planned to operate 24 hours a day and 330 days a year with a biogas production capacity of 48,000 tons / year. In addition, this plant is planned to operate in thermophilic conditions or operating temperatures of 55°C and the type of reactor used is a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) or continuous reactor equipped with a stirrer with considerations: raw materials are easier to process, the production process runs faster up to a higher amount of production/yield. Biogas produced from the anaerobic digestion process (raw biogas) will be purified by absorption method using MEA and selexol. The factory is planned to be established in Medan Labuan District, Medan City, North Sumatra Province with a factory area of 31,680 m2. The number of workers needed is as many as 200 people and the planned business entity will be in the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT). The results of the economic evaluation of the pre-designed biogas manufacturing plant from FOSP are as follows: a. Total Investment Capital = Rp713,583,629,921.90 b. Total Production Cost = Rp478,077,031,822.15 c. Sales Results = Rp705,696,453,389.66 d. Net Profit = Rp148,012,051,020.15 e. Profit Margin (PM) = 20,87% f. Break Even Point (BEP) = 25,53% g. Return on Investment (ROI) = 20,64% h. Pay Out Time (POT) = 4.80 year i. Return on Network (RON) = 34.67% j. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 25.59% Based on the results of the analysis in the economic aspects above, it can be concluded that the pre-design of the biogas manufacturing plant from FOSP is feasible to be established.