Pengaruh Pola Konsumsi dan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Kejadian Obesitas pada Pegawai Bank di Kota Medan

Abstract

The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia has increased from 15.4% in 2013 (Indonesia Basic Health Research 2013) to 21.8% in 2018 and that of in North Sumatera Province reaches 25.8%. Indonesia’s target to reduce 21.8 % of obesity rate is stipulated in RPJMN 2020-2024 so there is only 4 % difference in North Sumatera. A poor food consumption pattern such as consuming foods which is high in fats, sugar, and calorie as well as the lack of physical activities especially sedentary activities can lead to the increase of obesity incidence on adults especially for employees who only spend their time sitting in front of computers for more than seven hours. The research aims to find out the effects of consumption pattern and physical activities on the incidence of obesity in bank employees. The research is conducted at Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI) in Medan in February 2023, using case control research design. The data of obesity are obtained from anthropometry. data of consumption pattern are from Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, and data of physical activities are from Physical Activity Level questionnaires. 150 respondents are used as samples consisting of 50 respondents of case sample and 100 respondents of control sample. Data obtained are analysed using chi-square test and multiple logistic regression test. The result of chi-square test indicates that there are significant effects of energy intake (ρ= 0,001, OR = 6,6), and carbohydrate intake (ρ= 0,001, OR = 11,3) and protein intake (ρ= 0,001, OR = 4,1), fat intake (ρ= 0,001, OR = 4,14), and physical activities (ρ= 0,001, OR = 4,1) on the incidence of obesity. The frequency of consumption (ρ= 1,000, OR = 0,954) and types of food (ρ= 1,000, OR = 0,961) do not affect the incidence of obesity. The result of multiple logistic regression test indicates that the most dominant variable affecting the incidence of obesity is carbohydrate intake (ρ= 0,001, OR = 7,9). The research concludes that both consumption pattern and physical activities affect the incidence of obesity of the bank employees in Medan.