Hubungan Logam Berat Besi (Fe) dan Tembaga (Cu) terhadap Keanekaragaman Fitoplankton di Sungai Belawan

Abstract

This research purpose to analyze the relationship between the physical chemical factors of water and the heavy metals Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) on the diversity of phytoplankton in the Belawan river, Pancur Batu sub-district, North Sumatra. The Belawan River was chosen as the research location, because the river has many community activities such as settlements and industry. The research was conducted using the "Purposive Sampling" method, in which sampling was carried out by determining 5 stations based on community activities that took place in the Belawan river basin. The identification of phytoplankton was carried out at the PSDAL Laboratory, Biology Study Program, University of North Sumatra, and an analysis of the physical and chemical factors of water was carried out at the Medan Environmental Health and Disease Control Engineering Center. The research results obtained from 5 station were 6 classes of phytoplankton, namely Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Coscinodiscophyceae consisting of 21 families and 25 genera. The abundance values ranged from 67,2 to 76,8 mg/l with the highest found at stasion 5. The highest diversity index (H’) value was obtained at stasion 5 (2,57) with medium diversity criteria. The highest uniformity index (E) value was obtained at station 5 with values were 0,79 categorized by high uniformity. The iron content obtained from 5 station in the Belawan River ranged from 0,125496 to 0,568673 mg/l while the copper content ranged from 0,00037 to 0,055175 mg/l. The content of heavy metals iron and copper show a strong influence, especially on iron levels dan copper.