| dc.description.abstract | Bio-oil is a blackish liquid fuel that comes from biomass such as wood, rice straw, empty oil palm fruit bunches, corn cob bark and other biomass from forestry waste and the forest products industry through pyrolysis technology (Wibowo, 2013). Bio-oil is a very promising renewable energy source that is used for industries such as combustion fuel, power generation, to produce chemicals, resins, and can be mixed with diesel oil as diesel engine fuel with certain mixtures (Saputra and Syaiful, 2015). The potential for bio-oil to be useful as a raw material and support for the chemical industry has made bio-oil widely used, especially in Indonesia. Therefore, an effort is needed so that bio-oil production can be fulfilled by establishing a bio-oil factory in Indonesia.
The design of this bio-oil factory uses rice straw as the main raw material, which is obtained from farmers' production waste, where rice straw is able to produce bio-oil from fast pyrolysis. The first process carried out was the Pre-Treatment process for the raw material, namely rice straw in the storage warehouse (G-101). Next, the rice straw is fed to a rotary cutter (RC-101) to reduce the size, after that it is fed to a rotary dryer (DE-101) to reduce the water content of the rice straw raw material. The dried rice straw is fed into a disk mill (DM-101) to make it smaller in size so that it meets the criteria for using a fluidized bed reactor and to speed up the pyrolysis reaction. Powdered rice straw is put into a vibrating screen (S-101) to separate the powder from any remaining impurities. Next, the dry and clean powdered rice straw is then stored in the rice straw powder bin (TT-101). It is then fed into the fluidized bed reactor (R-201) from the side of the reactor. Next, nitrogen will be fed into the reactor which functions as a fluidizer and oxygen binder. The temperature used in the reactor is 500 ℃. The gas that has been condensed in the condenser will then flow to the knock out drum (D-201) to separate the gas and liquid that is formed. The condensed liquid is what is called bio-oil..
Pre-design of this bio-oil factory using rice straw as raw material is planned to produce with a production capacity of 36,000 tons/year and operate for 330 days a year. The factory location is planned in Toba, North Sumatra, precisely in Porsea District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The land area required to establish the factory is 24,024 m2. The factory's utility water needs will be supplied from the Asahan river as much as 11,223.394 kg/hour. The company's organizational form is planned to be a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a total number of employees of 200 people.
The results of the economic aspect analysis obtained are as follows:
1.
Capital Investment (CI) : Rp 272.886.201.495,030
2.
Total Cost (TC) : Rp 232.581.519.670,919
3.
Profit Margin (PM) : 42,579 %
4.
Break Event Point (BEP) : 43,079 %
5.
Return On Investment (ROI) : 30,824 %
6.
Pay Out Time (POT) : 3,244 tahun
7.
Return On Network (RON) : 51,373 %
8.
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) : 27,906 %
on the results of the analysis of economic aspects, it can be concluded that “A factory for making Bio-oil from rice straw with a capacity of 36,000 tons/year” is feasible to be established | en_US |
