Keanekaragaman Genetik Durian Lokal (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) di Sumatera Utara Berdasarkan Barcode Its (Internal Transcribed Spacer)

Abstract

North Sumatera is one of the durian producers in Indonesia. Molecular scientific studies of local durian at North Sumatera were still limited. This research aims to determine molecular characteristics of local durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) at North Sumatera based on DNA barcoding to examine its phylogenetic relationship based on the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) gene locus. ITS region is recommended for plant DNA barcodes. As many as 10 samples of local durian were selected randomly from 3 regencies in North Sumatera, there were South Tapanuli, North Tapanuli, and Simalungun using ITS barcode. The method used were DNA isolation with CTAB, and amplification of the ITS gene using primer ITS18s and ITS5,8s. The results obtained an average DNA sample concentration was 46.72 ng/μl and DNA purity 1.7. Based on amplification of the ITS region obtained a product measuring 320bp. Durian at North Sumatera has homology with Durio zibethinus (MF629779.1) which comes from Maluku with a homology percentage of 99-100%. The dendogram based on ITS DNA sequence of local durian North Sumatera showed monophyletic branching, it means that local durian observed come from the same an ancestral lineage. Molecular diversity analysis of local durian at North Sumatera showed presence genetic diversity, characterized by a nucleotide diversity 0.01139 and point mutations in the durian sequence. Thus, it can be concluded that DNA barcoding with the ITS gene locus can be used to molecularly identified of local durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) at North Sumatera.