Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Partisipasi Ibu Balita dalam Program Penanggulangan Stunting di Kota Medan

Abstract

Stunting is a form of growth and development failure in toddlers which results in a linear growth disorder, that is, from the time they are in the womb to the age of two. North Sumatra has several districts or cities that have become the focus of stunting reduction locations, one of which is Medan City. The prevalence of stunting in Medan City in 2020 is 11.69 percent and will increase in 2021 to 19.9 percent. However, in 2022 it will fall again to 15.4 percent. Stunting can be overcome by carrying out specific nutritional interventions involving the participation of mothers under five in stunting prevention programs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of willingness, ability, opportunity, and social support (community leaders, cadres, family) that influence the participation of mothers under five in the stunting prevention program in Medan City. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design which was conducted in Medan City from October 2022 to February 2023. The population is all mothers of toddlers in Medan City who are in six sub-districts with a total of 4,833 mothers of toddlers. Sampling used a multistage random sampling technique and determining the number of samples using the Isaac and Michael formula with a total sample of 257 mothers of children under five. The results showed that the factors influencing the participation of mothers under five in the stunting prevention program were ability (0.015<0.05) and opportunity (0.006<0.05), while willingness (0.116>0.05) and social support (0.739>0, 05) had no effect. Opportunity is the most dominant factor in influencing the participation of mothers under five in the stunting prevention program in Medan City with an Exp.B value of 2.383. This means that the better the opportunities that exist in the stunting prevention program in Medan City, the greater the participation of mothers of toddlers. It is hoped that the Medan City Government will provide equal opportunities by involving all mothers under five in implementing the stunting prevention program so that the program targeting mothers under five can run according to the target in reducing stunting rates even lower.