Pengaruh Ekstrak Metanol Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC.) yang Berpotensi Sebagai Antifertilitas Terhadap Histomorfometri Jantung Mencit

Abstract

The use of antifertility drugs or effective contraceptives should be without risk of failure, have few side effects and are easy to obtain. Andaliman (Z. acanthopodium) can be used as an herbal medicine for antifertility due to its secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, saponins and alkaloids. This research aims to describe the influence of the methanol extract of andaliman fruit on the heart histology (aorta diameter and thickness) as well as necrosis percentage and the heart morphology (weight, volume, and color). The administration of methanol extract of andaliman fruit is expected not to cause toxic effects on the heart. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), involving 25 female mice weighing 20-24 g, mice divided into 5 treatment groups: negative control (no treatment), positive control (administered hormonal contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and levonorgestrel at 0.2mg/mouse/day), also the treatment groups given methanol extract of andaliman fruit at three different doses: 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. The treatment was given for 21 days long, followed by the preparation of the heart specimens using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results showed the administration of methanol extract of Sichuan pepper fruit at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW had no effect on heart morphology (color, weight, and volume of the heart) and also did not affect heart histology (thickness of the aorta wall and aorta diameter). However, it did affect the percentage of cell damage or heart necrosis at a dose of 400 mg/kg BW (P<0.05).