Inventarisasi dan Potensi Musuh Alami (Predator dan Parasitoid) sebagai Pengendali Hama pada Tanaman Jeruk Lemon di Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Lemon is a citrus-like fruit horticultural plant also known as citron, the fruit is oval round, bright yellow in color, and tastes slightly sweet and sour. Other roles of insects in nature other than herbivorous insects (phytophagous) are potentially pests, namely as predators and parasitoids. This study aims to identify the type and diversity of natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) that have the potential as pest control in lemon plants. The research was conducted on lemon land in Namo Terasi Village, Sei Bingai District, Langkat Regency. Insect identification in the Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra carried out from March to June 2023. This study used a purposive sampling method with 5 types of traps including: yellow traps, red traps, black traps, blue ball traps and net traps. The number of insects identified in lemon land (Citrus Lemon.) was 10 Orders, 37 Families and 49 Genus, and 2308 individuals. The highest population was from the genus Aphidius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as many as 481 individuals. Lemon field has an index value of insect diversity, species richness of Margalef R1= 7,74 (high) evenness index of species E= 0.70 (high). And the evenness index of types H'=2,57 (moderate). The total population of predators insects is 10 family, 4 family of parasitoid insects, 16 family of herbivore insects, 5 family of pollinator insects, 3 family of decomposer insects.