Eksplorasi dan Uji Potensi Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Asal Limbah Teh Pabrik Bah Butong dengan Tingkat Dekomposisi yang Berbeda

Abstract

The low phosphate content of the soil which is overcome by the use of inorganic fertilizers is still inefficient. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria can increase the dissolution of P in the soil and the higher BPF population causes the decomposition and existing organic matter sources to increase, so that soil organic matter levels are higher. Tea making produces factory tea waste (FTW) which is difficult to decompose due to the high content of phenolics and tannins. There has not been much research on the presence of beneficial microbes in the waste. The purpose of the study was to obtain isolates phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (BPF) in tea waste with different levels of decomposition at the Bah Butong tea factory and measure the phosphate solubilization index on various P sources using the bacterial solates found. The research was conducted at the Soil Biology Laboratory of the Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra in April - August 2023. This research consists of several stages, namely the analysis of tea waste, isolation of bacteria sourced from two different tea wastes, testing the potential of BPF on Pikovskaya media. The parameters observed were C-organic, N-total, C/N, pH, P-total, and moisture content of tea waste as well as the number of isolates, colony width, clear zone width, and P dissolution index in the isolation results. The results showed that there were 10 phosphate-solubilizing bacterial isolates that grew on tea waste A and 9 bacterial solate on tea waste B. The potential test of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria conducted on 3 P sources resulted in the greatest dissolution efficiency in solate C1 of 532% in dissolving Ca3(PO4)2, solate A2 of 420% in dissolving AlPO4 and all solates found were unable to dissolve FePO4. Isolates A1, A2, A4, A5, B1, B2, B3, B4, C1, C2, C3, D2, D3 and D6 were able to dissolve Ca3(PO4)2 and AlPO4.