Inventarisasi Hama dan Musuh Alami pada Varietas Unggul Padi di Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan

Abstract

Inventory of Pests and Natural Enemies in Superior Rice Varieties in Percut Sei Tuan District. This research was supervised by Mr. Darma Bakti. Rice is one of the most important food crops in Indonesia. In rice cultivation, there are still many obstacles experienced by farmers such as erratic climate conditions due to global warming. Climate change has a negative impact on the diversity and abundance of insect pests resulting in plant damage that can affect rice production. This study aims to determine the pests and natural enemies and calculate the intensity of the main pest attack on superior varieties of rice grown in dry climate type E. The research was conducted on land owned by farmers in Saentis village, Percut Sei Tuan sub-district, Deli Serdang Regency with an altitude of ± 20 meters above sea level, from June 2023 to August 2023. This study used purposive sampling method with 3 types of traps (sweep net, yellow sticky trap, light trap). The number of insects identified in E climate type rice fields consisted of 33 families, 46 genera and 2486 individuals. The highest population was from the genus Nephotettix (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). The main pests found attacking rice plants in Saentis Village, Percut Sei Tuan District are yellow rice stem borers, false white pests and green leafhoppers. The attack intensity of false white pests is included in the low attack category at 17.2%, while the intensity of attack of rice stem borer is included in the category of moderate attack at 21.2%. The status of insect functions in superior rice varieties grown in climate type E is divided into 5 groups, namely herbivores, predators, pollinators, parasitoids and decomposers. The highest natural enemies are predators from the genus Ophionea with a total of 142 individuals while the lowest is from the genus Tetragnatha with a total of 40 individuals, and parasitoids are from the family Braconidae with a total of 79 individuals.