Uji Mortalitas Spodoptera frugiperda J E Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) terhadap Ekstrak Biji Mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) dengan Campuran Senyawa Surfaktan Asal Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera L.)

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda is an invasive insect that has become a pest of corn crops in Indonesia. S. frugiperda attacks the growing point of the plant which can result in failure to form young shoots/leaves in corn plants. Using plant-based insecticides with the addition of safe and environmentally friendly surfactants is an alternative for controlling S. frugiperda attacks. This study aims to determine the best comparison of insecticide formulations using neem seed extraction (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and surfactant compounds originating from aloe vera (Aloe vera L.) on the mortality of S. frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). This research was carried out at the Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra from May to August 2023. This research used a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications and 7 treatment levels, namely B0 (Water/control), B1 (A. indica seed extract 18.5 g/l water), B2 (A. indica seed extract 37 .5 g/l water), B3 (A. indica seed extract 75 g/l water), B4 (A. indica seed extract 18.5 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel), B5 (Aloe vera seed extract A. indica 37.5 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel), B6 (A. indica seed extract 75 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel). The results showed that the A. indica seed extract treatment of 75 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel was the best treatment for the mortality of S. frugiperda larvae at 3 DSA observations, namely 6.00 larvae. There were no normal pupae formed in the A. indica seed extract treatment of 75 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel and there were deformed pupae in all treatments. The application of vegetable pesticides with a mixture of surfactant compounds resulted in the failure of the formation of S. frugiperda pupae so that no imago was formed in the treatment of A. indica seed extract 75 g/l water + 2.5 g Aloe vera gel.