Sintesis Surfaktan N-Alkyl Arginine dari Asam Palmitat dan Arginine menggunakan Katalis Kalsium Oksida

Abstract

Surfactants are used in various sectors because they can affect the surface properties of a material. Fatty alcohol comes from vegetable oils such as palm oil and coconut oil which serve as raw materials for various household products and surfactants. In its manufacture, the use of Tert-amyl Alcohol has relatively high hydrophilicity which will produce in a better reaction conversion compared to ordinary solvents which will form a precipitate. The main problem in the synthesis of surfactant N-acyl Arginine is the effect of temperature and reaction time to produce the best percent conversion. The amidation process is carried out by reacting tetradecanol and arginine in a ratio of 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 (w/w) with the addition of tert-amyl alcohol then the solvent is added with sodium methoxide (CH3NaO) catalyst with a weight percent of 3%, 5%, 7% to tetradecanol. The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 60°C and a time of 5 hours. To get Nacyl Arginine surfactant with the best conversion, a purification process was carried out to separate the remaining catalyst and solvent. The purification process was carried out by adding 5 ml of 10% citric acid then filtered with filter paper and then heated at 90°C to evaporate the remaining solvent. The product will be analyzed by determining the acid number to obtain the percent conversion of Nacyl Arginine, determining the saponification number to determine the value of Hydrophilic Liphophilic Balance, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The optimum conversion percentage obtained was 90%, obtained under conditions of 1:4 substrate ratio (T:A), 3% catalyst weight, 1:3 solvent ratio (S:T) at a temperature of 60°C and a time of 5 hours. From the analysis results, the surfactant N-acyl Arginine obtained has an acid number of 16,625, a saponification number of 4,208, and an HLB (Hydropophile – Lipophile Balance) value of 13,33