• Login
    View Item 
    •   USU-IR Home
    • Faculty of Engineering
    • Department of Environmental Engineering
    • Undergraduate Theses
    • View Item
    •   USU-IR Home
    • Faculty of Engineering
    • Department of Environmental Engineering
    • Undergraduate Theses
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Kadar CO dari Pemanfaatan Bottom Ash dengan Campuran Tempurung Kelapa dan Abu Vulkanik Gunung Sinabung Menjadi Briket (Studi Kasus: PLTU Pangkalan Susu)

    View/Open
    fulltext (4.616Mb)
    Date
    2018
    Author
    Yulia, Ria
    Advisor(s)
    Mulia, Ahmad Perwira
    Suryati, Isra
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Penggunaan energi yang semakin meningkat menimbulkan ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar fosil. Cadangan bahan bakar fosil di dunia semakin hari semakin menurun, maka dari itu diperlukan energi alternatif yang terbarukan, jumlahnya melimpah, harga yang murah, serta ramah lingkungan yaitu briket. Briket merupakan gumpalan yang terbuat dari bahan lunak yang dikeraskan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sifat briket arang adalah jenis serbuk arang, kehalusan serbuk, suhu karbonasi dan tekanan pengempaan. Sedangkan syarat briket yang baik adalah briket yang permukaanya halus dan tidak meninggalkan bekas hitam di tangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan, menentukan variasi campuran terbaik antara bottom ash, tempurung kelapa, dan abu vulkanik Gunung Sinabung, menganalisis kandungan CO pada pembakaran briket. Briket pada penelitian ini terdiri dari lima variasi yaitu 50% : 45%: 5% ; 55% : 40%: 5% ; 60%: 35%: 5% ; 70%: 25%: 5% ;80% :25% :5% dengan campuran bottom ash, tempurung kelapa dan abu Sinabung. Tahapan pembuatan briket dimulai dengan karbonisasi, pengayakan bahan baku, pembuatan larutan kanji, pencampuran bahan baku, pencetakan, pengeringan dan pengemasan briket. Pengujian pada briket antara lain uji proksimat, nilai kalor, kuat tekan, uji emisi CO dan uji nyala. Briket yang memenuhi SNI 01-6235-2000 tentang standar mutu briket arang kayu dan Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 47 Tahun 2006, tentang pedoman pembuatan dan pemanfaatan briket batubara dan bahan bakar padat berbasis batubara adalah briket variasi III (60% tempurung kelapa : 35% bottom ash : 5% abu vulkanik), dengan nilai kadar air sebesar 0,48%, kadar abu sebesar 8,4%, volatile matter sebesar 1,86%, fixed carbon 89,26%, nilai kalor sebesar 5.055 kal/gr, kuat tekan 38,320 kg/cm2, kadar CO sebesar 26,25 mg/Nm³ dan uji nyala 19 detik. Berdasarkan Skala Likert, variasi II merupakan briket dengan variasi terbaik dengan komposisi 55% tempurung kelapa, 40% bottom ash, dan 5% abu vulkanik dengan nilai kadar air 0,57%, kadar abu 10,17%, volatile matter 2,17%, fixed carbon 85,08%, nilai kalor 4.649 kal/gar, kuat tekan 38,320 kg/cm2, kadar CO 21,25 mg/Nm³ dan uji nyala 26 detik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat diterapkan menjadi bahan bakar alternatif bagi industri dan masyarakat.
     
    The increasing use of energy was causing the dependence of fossil fuels. The reserves of fossil is lessening day by day, therefore, a renewable alternative is needed, with abundant amount, cheap price, and environmentally friendly, that is briquette. Briquette is lumps made of hardened soft materials.The factors that influenced the charateristis of a charcoal briquette were the type of the charcoal powder, powder’s fineness, carbonization’s temperature, and the pressure compression. While the requirement of good briquette are smooth surface and it does not leaves a black mark on hand.The purpose of this study are utilize, to determine the best mix variation beetween bottom ah, coconut shell, and Mount Sinabung’s volcanic ash, to analyze the CO content in the combustion of briquette. They consist of five variations, namely 50% : 45%: 5% ; 55% : 40%: 5% ; 60%: 35%: 5% ; 70%: 25%: 5% ;80% :25% :5% with the mix of bottom ah, coconut shell, and Sinabung’s ash. The stage of making briquette begin with carbonization, sieving of raw material, making starch solution, mixing of raw material, molding, drying and the packaging of briquette. The tests done to the briquete were proximate test, calorific value, compressive strength, flame test and CO emission test. The best briquette mix and in accordance with SNI 01-6235-2000 about the quality standard for wood charcoal briquette and Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 47 of year 2006, about the guidance of the making utilization of charcoal briquette and charcoal-based solid fuels was briqutte variation III (60% coconut shell : 35% bottom ash : 5% volcanic ash), with the water content of 0,48 %, ash content of 8,4 %, volatile matter of 1,86 %, fixed carbon of 89,26%, calorific value of 5.055 kal/gr, compressive strength of 32,808 kg/cm2, CO 26,25 mg/Nm³, and flame test of 19 second. Based on Licert Scale, variation II is the best variation briquette with the composition of 55% coconut shell, 40% bottom ash, and 5% vlcanic’s ash with the water content of 0,57 %, ash content of 10,17 %, volatile matter of 2,17 %, fixed carbon of 85,08%, calorific value of 4.649 kal/gr, compressive strength of 38,320 kg/cm2, CO 21,25 mg/Nm³, and flame test of 26 second. This research is expected to be applicable as an alternative for industry and soecity.

    URI
    https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/9233
    Collections
    • Undergraduate Theses [381]

    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV
     

     

    Browse

    All of USU-IRCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateTitlesAuthorsAdvisorsKeywordsTypesBy Submit DateThis CollectionBy Issue DateTitlesAuthorsAdvisorsKeywordsTypesBy Submit Date

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara (RI-USU)
    Universitas Sumatera Utara | Perpustakaan | Resource Guide | Katalog Perpustakaan
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2016  DuraSpace
    Contact Us | Send Feedback
    Theme by 
    Atmire NV