Pengaruh Waktu Tanam dan Pemupukan Nitrogen Terhadap Serangan Hama Aphids, Ulat Grayak, dan Penggerek Buah pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench)

Abstract

Sorghum is a cereal food plant with high adaptability, easy cultivation process and very resistant to pests. Aphids, fall armyworm, and fruit borers are some of the important pests that often attack sorghum plants. Planting time and N fertilization are things that must be considered in dealing with pest attacks on sorghum plants. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization and planting time on attacks by aphids, fall armyworm, and fruit borers on sorghum plants. This research was carried out on Jl. Let. Gen. Jamin Ginting, Namorambe District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra with an altitude of ± 121 meters above sea level which was carried out from May 2023 to August 2023. This research used a factorial split plot design consisting of 3 replications and 2 factors. The first factor is planting time as the main plot with 2 levels, namely; T1: 2 May 2023, T2: 12 May 2023. The second factor is N fertilization as a subplot with 5 levels, namely; N0 : 0 kg/ha (control), N1 : 55 kg/ha (167.4 gr/plot), N2 : 90 kg/ha (274 gr/plot), N3 : 125 kg/ha (380.5 gr/plot). plot), N4 : 160 kg/ha (486.9 gr/plot). Based on the results of research conducted, the T1 planting time treatment can reduce the abundance of aphid pests, but cannot reduce the intensity of armyworm attacks and the percentage of fruit borer attacks. Nitrogen fertilization and the interaction between the two could not suppress the abundance of aphid pests, the intensity of armyworm attacks, and the percentage of fruit borer attacks.