Keanekaragaman Genetik Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) dari Kota Padangsidimpuan Berdasarkan Morfologi dan Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR)

Abstract

The research of the the genetic diversity of durian from Padangsidimpuan had been carried out based on the morphology and the SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) method. Ten durians were taken at random from people's plantations in three villages, namely Pintu Langit Jae, Pintu Langit Julu, and Joring Lombang, then morphologically observed on the vegetative and generative organs. DNA isolation used a CTAB (Cetyl Trimetyl Ammonium Bromide) material and the PCR method used SSR primers, which were Dz844, DzGCAG01, DzMTb021, Dz621, Dz535, Dz504. The percentage of polymorphism was calculated based on amplification bands and translated as binary data, then analyzed using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate System (NTSys) program and grouped using the Unweighted Pair Group Method With Arithme Average (UPGMA). Morphological diversity determination includes crown shape, leaf shape, leaf tip shape, fruit shape, fruit flesh thickness, fruit taste, and seed shape. The highest percentage of polymorphism was 89%, by primer Dz504, followed by Dz844, DzGCAG01 with a value of 86%, DzMTb021 and Dz535 with a value of 80% respectively, and the lowest value was 73%, by primer Dz621. Padangsidimpuan City durians grouped into one cluster at a genetic similarity coefficient value of 0.55 based on diversity analysis using 6 SSR primers.