Pengetahuan Lokal Masyarakat Pesisir dalam Aktivitas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Perikanan di Desa Jaring Halus, Kec. Secanggang, Kab. Langkat

Abstract

This paper is entitled Local Knowledge of Coastal Communities in Fisheries Resource Management Activities in Jaring Halus Village, Secanggang District, Langkat Regency. This study aims to describe how the local knowledge of coastal communities in managing their fisheries resources and describe how their activities are the result of their local knowledge, ranging from capture fisheries to post capture fish management. This research method used in this study is a qualitative method that aims to obtain data on how the local knowledge of coastal communities in managing fisheries resources and their management activities ranging from capture fisheries to post capture fish management processes. In addition, this research method is expected to be able to represent the actual conditions in the field by using data collection techniques such as: observation of fishing activities such as types of fishing gear, location and time of fishing as well as fishing techniques, fish farming and management, aquaculture and fish management activities; in depth interviews with fishermen, ambai owners, cages, and cerebung fish managers: documentation of fisheries management activities in Jaring Halus Village; field notes; and literature study. The results of this study indicate that fishermen have knowledge in Jaring Halus Village, such as fishing times such as the west season and east season which occurs once every 6 months, the east season occurs in March August while the west season occurs in September February, if the east season, the big tide occurs at 23 days of the month and when the west season the big tide occurs at 10 15 days of the month, 7 8 days there is a rotation of water usually from high tide to dead tide, in 30 days of the month it can be 2 times the big tide and dead tide, then 15 days in 30 days of the month there is a rotation from high tide to dead tide. The location where they place their fishing gear is in the area passed by the tidal current along the Great Estuary of the Fine Net. The location of fishing in the sea called "field" which is located 1 2 km to the open sea from Jaring Halus Village, as well as the fishing techniques they use. The researcher concluded that local knowledge passed down from one generation to another in Jaring Halus Village is the main thing in managing fisheries resources. The diversity of fishing gear in Jaring Halus Village causes diversification in the utilisation of fisheries potential in Jaring Halus Village which is not bound by the season so that the utilisation of fisheries resources can be said to be sustainable to manage. This research suggests that the diversity of fishing gear used in Jaring Halus Village can be utilised sustainably to manage fisheries resources in Jaring Halus Village. This research still needs some follow up questions such as whether the diversity of fishing gear still exists and local knowledge in managing fisheries resources is still carried out.