Analisis Kandungan Kimia Beberapa Komoditi Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu sebagai Pakan Orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii) di Stasiun Riset Sikundur, Aceh Tamiang

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the island countries that has considerable natural resources. In addition to producing timber forest products (TFP), forests also produce non-timber forest products (NTFP) in the form of fruits, medicinal plants, resins, and plants such as bamboo, rattan and others. Non-timber products are widely used by the community as food and livelihoods. NTFPs are also used by animals that live in the forest as a source of food, one of the animals that use NTFPs as a source of food is the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii). Food is one of the important factors in determining the amount of food substances obtained by animals. The food consumed by animals affects their growth and development. So, research is needed on phytochemical testing of Sumatran orangutan food with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GCMS) instruments so that the chemical content and quality of food eaten by Sumatran orangutans can be known. In this research, there were 3 (three) foods that represent orangutan food to be tested for extracts by GCMS, namely halaban fruit (Vitex pinnata), forest pandanus fruit (Pandanus sarasinorum) and selupik fruit (Balakata baccata). Before being tested with GCMS, the three food items used were dried to a constant weight and mashed into natural dried raw. Then, the natural dried raw was extracted by maceration method for 3x24 hours. The result of maceration filtrate was further tested with GCMS instrument. The results showed the presence of 1 compound found in the three feed extracts, namely n-Hexadecanoic acid (C16H32O2). So, it can be assumed that the presence of this compound is one of the factors that influence the preferred food by the Sumatran orangutan (P. abelii). N-hexadecanoic compounds have antialopecia, antiandrogen, antifibrinolytic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antifungal activities.