Sintesis Kardanil Metil Eter melalui Eterifikasi Kardanol dari Kulit Biji Jambu Mete (Anacardium Occidentale L.) pada Variasi Jumlah Katalis Tetrabutilamonium Bromida

Abstract

Synthesis of cardanyl methyl ether was carried out through an etherification reaction between cardanol isolated from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and dimethyl carbonate. Cardanol isolation was carried out by adding acetone, Ca(OH)2, NH4OH 25%, n-hexane : ethyl acetate (98:2) and washing with 2,5% NaOH, 5% HCl, distilled water and adding anhydrous Na2SO4. Based on GC-MS result, the percent of cardanol obtained by 68,07% with the yield of cardanol obtained was 38,89 g (38,89%) of the initial weight of CNSL. The obtained cardanol has characteristics that acid number 3.19 mgKOH/g, iodine number 220.5310 g I2/100 g, viscosity 36.4 cP , density 0.643 g/mL and pH = 6.06. Cardanyl methyl ether was synthesized by adding K2CO3, dimethyl carbonate, Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was acts as a phase transfer catalyst with a reflux time of 5 hours. The parameters used in this study were amount variations of catalyst Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was 4, 6 and 8 mmol. The obtained cardanyl methyl ether was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer and GC-MS. The FT-IR spectrophotometer showed the formation of cardanyl methyl ether which was characterized by the loss of the absorption intensity of the -OH group at wave numbers around 3000-3400 cm-1. The FT-IR spectrum of cardanyl methyl ether shows an absorption band at wave numbers 1072,8-1267,3 cm -1 indicating the formation of symmetrical and asymmetrical C-O-C stretching groups of the compound ether. The results of cardanyl methyl ether analysis with various amount of Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) with GC-MS obtained of 6.89%, 8.61% and 2.55%. These results indicate that the maximum percentage of cardanyl methyl ether was obtained under the reaction conditions of various molar catalyst Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) 6 mmol, 0,795 grams K2CO3 , 13,48 mL DMC with a reflux time of 5 hours.