Formulasi dan Karakteristik Gambir dari Dairi Sumatera Utara sebagai Perekat Alami

Abstract

Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) is one of the important non-timber forest products in Indonesia, especially in Dairi Regency, North Sumatra. Gambier can be used as a raw material for adhesives because it contains catechins and tannins. Gambier can be used as a sole adhesive but its quality is low, therefore it is necessary to add other binding materials such as sucrose. Sucrose has good adhesive properties and is environmentally friendly. This research aims to test the characteristics of gambier, the characteristics of gambier-sucrose adhesive and analyze the influence of the ratio of gambier-sucrose adhesive on the quality of particle board. This research method refers to SNI 01-3391 (2000), SNI 06-4567 (1998) and JIS A 5908 (2003). In testing the characteristics of gambier-sucrose adhesive using the ratio 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100 and on board characteristic tests 50/50 and 25/75. The research results showed that gambier from Dairi contained 74.28% catechin with condition characteristics and water content that met SNI 01-3391 (2001). Gambir-sucrose adhesive meets SNI 06- 4567 (1998) in terms of shape characteristics (50/50, 25/75 and 0/100), presence of impurities (0/100), solids content (100/0, 75/25 and 50/ 50), specific gravity (75/25 and 50/50). In testing the physical properties of meranti wood particle board, it shows that the density and water content meet the JIS A 5908 (2003) standards, with values of 0.55-0.58 kg/cm² and 8.48-8.63% with a ratio of gambir/cm² adhesive. sucrose 50/50 and 25/75. The best treatment is a 50/50 adhesive material ratio with a temperature of 200ºC. In the T-test test results, only the water content value is the same between the two ratios.