Induksi dan Proliferasi Kalus Ciplukan (Physalis Angulata L.) Menggunakan 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) dan 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP)

Abstract

Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) has potential as an herbal medicine and raw material for the pharmaceutical industry, but is often considered a weed that has not been widely cultivated. Therefore, an approach was taken through callus culture to undergo genetic modification that can be used to produce bioactive secondary metabolites and regenerate plants. This study aims to determine the effect of the combined use of growth regulators 2,4-D and BAP on the growth of ciplukan callus in vitro. The research was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The implementation time was from January to May 2024. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design with 2 treatment factors. The first factor was the concentration of 2,4-D which consists of 4 treatment levels and the second factor was the concentration of BAP which consists of 3 treatment levels with each treatment of 4 replicates: without ZPT, 2,4-D 0 mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l, 2,4- D 0 mg/l + BAP 1 mg/l, 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BAP 0 mg/l, 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l, 2,4-D 1 mg/l + BAP 1 mg/l, 2, 4-D 2 mg/l + BAP 0 mg/l, 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l, 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BAP 1 mg/l, 2,4-D 3 mg/l + BAP 0 mg/l, 2,4-D 3 mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l, 2,4-D 3 mg/l + BAP 1 mg/l . Parameters observed in this study include the age of callus appearance, the percentage of explants forming callus (%), callus color, callus texture, and callus fresh weight (g). The results of this study showed that the administration of 2,4-D and BAP had no significant effect on all observation parameters. The combination of 2,4-D 2 mg/l + BAP 0.5 mg/l was the most optimal combination in inducing callus with fresh weight of callus 0.4 g.