Induksi dan Proliferasi Kalus Tempuyung (Sonchus Arvensis L.) dengan Penambahan 2,4-D dan Bap pada Media Ms

Abstract

Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) contains active compounds and is traditionally used as an antioxidant, diuretic and gout. As the plant was originally found in the wild, it is important to reproduce its secondary metabolites through tissue culture. The aim of the study was to determine the induction and proliferation of callus with the addition of growth regulators 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) and Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) to tempuyung plants on MS medium. This research was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, from January to April 2024. This study use a Completely Randomized Design method was two factors. The first factor was the concentration of 2,4-D which consists of 4 levels and the second factor was the concentration of BAP which consists of 3 levels and 12 treatment combinations with 4 replications. Factors 2,4-D are (0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 mg/l). Factors BAP are (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 mg/l). Parameters observed in this study include the age of callus appearance, percentage of explants forming callus, callus color, callus texture and callus fresh weight. The results showed that the combination of 2,4-D and BAP treatment affected the age of callus appearance, color, texture and fresh weight of callus. Induction and proliferation of tempuyung callus can be produced in MS media combined with 1,0 mg/l BAP and 2,0 mg/l or 3,0 mg/l 2,4-D with compact callus texture and green color.