Analisis Filogeni Jenis Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.) di Indonesia dengan Penanda Molekuler Trnl-Trnf Intergenic Spacer

Abstract

Dipterocarpus is known for producing valuable oleoresin and high-quality wood belong to the largest family Dipterocarpaceae. These benefits adversely affect keruing and turning it into a target species for overexploitation. Some of the species are listed as Critically Endangered based on IUCN Red List. Phylogenetic analysis contributes to the conservation strategies in order to increase population of keruing. Molecular phylogenetic studies conducted on the genus Dipterocarpus shows a contrast determination from the morphological approach indicated by its own monophyletic clade and distinguishes it from other Dipterocarpeae tribes. Molecular approach utilized by trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer marker seeks to analyze the primary and secondary sequences characteristics and able to provide more precise information regarding Dipterocarpus phylogenetic as they are related to genetic material. Phylogenetics tree were estimated using the UPGMA, Neighbor joining, Maximum likelihood, and Maximum parsimony algorithms all implemented in MEGA version 11. Phylogenetic analysis using Monotes kerstingii as the outgroup indicated that Dipterocarpus forms a monopyletic clade and separates from Dipterocarpeae tribes supported by 98% - 100% bootstrap value. Insertion and deletion as part of sequence mutation were identified as genus characteristic within Dipterocarpus in 62 – 70 basepair.