Analisis Pengaruh Kerapatan Vegetasi terhadap Suhu Permukaan Tanah di Kota Medan Menggunakan Citra Landsatomp

Abstract

Urban surface temperature can increase as a result of rapid development of built-up land. The surface temperature in the city center is higher than in the urban periphery if the vegetation density decreases and the built-up space (RTB) increases. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon is influenced by vegetation. This research aims to analyze the effect of vegetation density (NDVI) on surface temperature (LST) in Medan City and analyze the Urban Heat Island (UHI) of Medan City by utilizing remote sensing technology. Based on the NDVI and LST results, the total NDVI area of Medan City is 27,770.86 Ha and the total LST area of Medan City is 27,779.19 Ha. Based on the results, the percentage of UHI I class (0 - 1 oC) is the highest percentage with a percentage of 72.28%, then UHI II class (1 - 2 oC) with a percentage of 24.22% and the lowest non-UHI class (<0 oC) with a percentage of 3.5%. This study uses simple linear regression and classical assumption tests, namely autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity tests. Based on the results of the NDVI (X) and LST (Y) correlation test, it is found that the regression equation on the X and Y variables is Y = 30.634 - 21.744X. It has been proven that NDVI has an influence on LST where if the NDVI value is low, the LST value is high. Based on the correlation test results of the UHI calculation area (X) and UHI intensity (Y), it was found that the equation Y = 8.294 + 0.00002356X. This proves that the UHI calculation area has an influence on the intensity where the wider the UHI calculation area, the UHI intensity will also increase.