Pembuatan Green Diesel dari Perengkahan Katalitik Miyak Jelantah Menggunakan Katalis Bentonite

Abstract

Until today, 86% of the world's energy is still supplied from fossil fuel. Fossil fuel are an energy source that will depleted, so it is necessary to look for alternative energy sources that are sustainable and cheap. Wasted cooking oil is useless and used to producing biodiesel. Until today, biodiesel still has weaknesses. Therefore, an alternative route is needed to produce biodiesel. Green diesel is a product of catalytic cracking which has advantages. But unfortunately, until today development green diesel is still very difficult because it is very expensive process. So one of the processes to producing green diesel more economical are decarboxylation and decarbonylation. Technology catalyst is very suitable for decarboxylation and decarbonylation processes. One promising catalyst is the silica-alumina catalyst. Based on the case, researcher are interested synthesis green diesel from the catalytic cracking of wasted cooking oil with a bentonite catalyst. This research is divided into 3 stages, firstly preparation of used cooking oil, secondly preparation of bentonite catalyst, and third catalytic cracking of used cooking oil with variations of bentonite catalyst 1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt%, and without catalyst at a temperature of 350o C. Based on the four variations, effective catalyst mass is 5wt% with an average percent yield conversion of wasted cooking oil of 99,236wt%. GC-MS analysis showed dominant fraction is kerosene at 65.79%, analysis of changes in functional groups using FT-IR spectroscopy showed a decrease in the intensity of vibration absorption C=O stretching with wave number 1700–1750 cm-1 , there is vibration absorption –C– (C=O)–C– stretching which is special region with wave number 1300–1000 cm-1 , and no any vibration stretching –OH group of carboxyl acid in the wave number region 3400–2400 cm-1 so it can be concluded that the –CH3 group substitution process has occurred and termination of the –OH group of carboxyl acids, and physical and chemical properties shows green diesel own cetane number 48.2, viscosity 4.93 mm2 /s, density 862 kg/m3 , flash point 39o C, corrosion class 1a, and carbon residue 0.100069 %m/m.