Pra-Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Asam Sulfat (H2SO4) dari Gas Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) Menggunakan Proses Wet Sulfuric Acid dengan Kapasitas 30.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Sulfuric acid is a chemical that is needed in most industries in Indonesia, for example the fertilizer industry, and non-fertilizer industries such as the paper industry, glass industry, preservative industry, detergent industry, pesticide industry and many other industries. Making sulfuric acid from sulfur or sulfur which is often found in mountainous areas and certain places that contain a lot of sulfur, using a special method to get sulfur from within the earth. As a substitute for making sulfuric acid from sulfur, hydrogen sulfide can be used which is the result of exhaust gas from industry which is also a toxic gas and can pollute the environment and living things. In Indonesia there is already an industry that produces sulfuric acid with total production reaching approximately 1 million tons/year, however this value is not sufficient for domestic needs, so Indonesia still needs to import sulfuric acid from abroad. The pre-designed factory for making sulfuric acid using Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) gas as raw material using the Wet Sulfuric Acid process is planned to produce with a production capacity of 30,000 tons/year and operate for 330 days a year. In the pre-design of the factory for making sulfuric acid using Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) as raw material, it consists of five main processes, namely: 1. Oxidation process of H2S to SO2 2. Oxidation process of SO2 to SO3 3. Reaction process of SO3 with H2O 4. Condensation and Removal of NH3 5. Condensation process to convert gas H2SO4 into liquid H2SO4. Sulfuric acid production with a production capacity of 30,000 tons/year uses hydrogen sulfide gas as raw material of 1,488.96 kg/hour or 13,043.28 tons/year. The planned form of business entity is a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line and staff structure. The workforce required is 171 people. The factory location is planned to be established in Pematang Cengal Village, Tanjung Pura District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra Province. The land area required is 15,144 m2. The results of the pre-design economic analysis of the sulfuric acid plant from hydrogen sulfide gas are: • Investment Capital = IDR 696,969,491,117 • Production costs per year = IDR 1,238,156,889,600 • Product selling price per year = IDR 1,393,339,194,720 • Net profit per year = IDR 126,046,490,165 • Profit Margin (PM) = 10.58 % • Break Even Point (BEP) = 24.66 % • Return on Investment (ROI) = 18.08 % • Pay Out Time (POT) = 5.53 years • Return on Network (RON) = 30.14 % • Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = 21.72 % From the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the pre-designed factory for making sulfuric acid from hydrogen sulfide gas using the Wet Sulfuric Acid method is feasible to establish.