Pembuatan Metil Ester Asam Lemak dari Sludge Palm Oil Menggunakan Katalis Lipase pada Perbandingan Waktu Reaksi dan Pengaruh Daya Mikrowave

Abstract

Preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from palm oil sludge has been carried out through esterification-transesterification reaction using lipase enzyme as biocatalyst with the help of microwave heating. The reaction time (0.5, 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30) minutes and microwave power (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) with reaction conditions of oil: methanol molar ratio of 1:6 and catalyst weight of 20%. Conversion of fatty acid methyl esters was determined by alkalimetric titration and reconfirmed by gas chromatography analysis and changes in their functional groups by FT-IR spectrophotometer. Based on the parameters that have been carried out, the maximum reaction conditions are obtained at the weight of the catalyst used as much as 20%, the ratio of methanol 1: 6, and the microwave power used is 20% for 0.5 minutes. Supported by the results of FT-IR spectrophotometer analysis showed the presence of -C=O stretching ester absorption at wave number 1744.39 cm-1 and supported by -C-O-C- ester stretching vibrations at wave numbers 1300 - 1000 cm-1 and the results of gas chromatography analysis obtained a total methyl ester conversion of 85.30%.