Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens [Lour.] Merr.) terhadap Histologi Pankreas Tikus (Rattus novergicus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Abstract

The use of herbal plants as antidiabetic drugs can be deployed as an alternative to reduce the consumption of drugs that are relatively expensive and have many side effects in the treatment of diabetes. One plant that can be used as an alternative treatment for diabetes is Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens). Sambung Nyawa leaves contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins that act as anti-hyperglycemia. Flavonoids as antioxidants are able to ward off free radicals and increase the action of insulin, thereby triggering histological repair and regenerating damaged cells. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of sambung nyawa leaves on blood sugar levels and pancreatic histology of alloxan-induced male rats. The research method used a complete randomized design (RAL) with 6 treatments and 4 repeats. The treatment consisted of normal control (no treatment), positive control induced 150 mg/KgBW alloxane, metformin treatment 45 mg/KgBW, 3 treatment groups induced by alloxane and given lifeline leaf extract at a dose of 100, 150 or 200mg/KgBW. Blood sugar levels were measured on day 0, after induction, day 3, day 7, day 14 after administration of the extract. Pancreatic organ preparations were made by the paraffin method and hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results showed that giving sambung nyawa leaf extract at a dose of 200 mg / kgBW, is able to reduce the blood sugar levels by 103.5 mg / dL, it also improve the diameter of langerhans islands by 129.75 μm and reduce the level of histological damage to the pancreas by reducing the amount of necrosis and vacuolization by 10.98 and 3.15 per field of view.