Analisis Perencanaan dan Perbandingan Optimasi Penggunaan Kolom Tunggal dan Berspasi pada Perencanaan Bangunan Kayu Museum Keris

Abstract

Wood is a construction material commonly found in nature and has been used since the early history of humanity as a fundamental material in construction. However, the use of wood has been decreasing due to the diminishing supply of wood, leading to an increase in the cost of wood materials. In contemporary buildings, wood is typically used in exclusive structures with cultural and architectural value, similar to the Museum of Keris. This research employs a comparative method to assess the optimization of the selection between single-column and spaced-column designs in the Museum of Keris. Spaced columns are chosen because they utilize less wood volume while maintaining good strength in their design. The type of wood used is damar wood, and the design is modeled using the Robot Structural Analysis Professional (RSAP) 2024 software. Wood quality determination involves laboratory testing of damar wood, resulting in a wood elasticity modulus of 11,766.71608 MPa with a quality code of E11. Design calculations yield the following results for single columns: a size of 175x175 mm with a load capacity (T') of 105,075 kN and a wood volume of 0.1225 m3, a size of 250x250 mm with T' = 384.375 kN and a volume of 0.3594 m3, and a size of 300x300 mm with T' = 764.411 kN and a volume of 0.5175 m3. For spaced columns, the results are as follows: a size of 2(60x100) mm with T' = 95,76 kN and a wood volume of 0.048 m3, a size of 2(80x120) mm with T' = 153,42 kN and a volume of 0.055 m3, and a size of 2(100x150) mm with T' = 239,4 kN and a volume of 0.086 m3. The use of two types of columns with predetermined sizes is deemed safe for the construction of the Museum of Keris. The optimization comparison indicates that spaced columns are more efficient and optimal for the wooden structure of the Museum of Keris.