Sintesis Metil Ester dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Kat Alis Heterogen Abu Kulit Durian pada Variasi Waktu Reaksi dan Kecepatan Pengadukan Pendispersi Homogen

Abstract

The synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters has been carried out through the transesterification of palm oil and methanol using durian peel ash as a heterogeneous catalyst. Durian skin powder was oven dried at 600°C for 4. The reaction conditions carried out in this study were variations in reaction time (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes) and stirring speed (3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, and 7000 rpm) at a molar ratio of oil: methanol of 1 :15 and catalyst 5% (w/w). The conversion of fatty acid methyl esters was analyzed using gas chromatography (GC) and the change in functional groups from oil to fatty acid methyl esters was determined using an FT-IR spectrophotometer. The highest conversion of fatty acid methyl esters for varying reaction times was obtained at 95.81 ± 0.71 %, namely at a molar ratio of 1 :15, stirring speed of 5000 rpm, catalyst weight of 5% w/w, reaction time of 10 minutes and acid methyl ester yield The highest fat was obtained at 96.2 + 1.6% at a molar ratio of 1 :15, stirring speed of 5000 rpm, catalyst weight of 5% w/w, reaction time of 40 minutes. The highest conversion of fatty acid methyl esters for varying stirring speeds was obtained at 96.5 ± 1.31 %, namely at a stirring speed of 7000 rpm, molar ratio 1 :15, catalyst weight 5% w/w, reaction time 10 minutes and methyl yield The highest fatty acid ester was obtained at 97.0 + 1.8o/o at a stirring speed of 6000 rpm, molar ratio 1 :15, catalyst weight 5% w/w, reaction time 10 minutes. The formation of fatty acid methyl esters is characterized by differences in the shape of the stretching vibration peak -C-0-C- at wave numbers 1300-1000 cm-1 where in oi I the strongest absorption of the 3 peaks is in the second position (middle) while in fatty acid methyl esters the absorption is the highest. strong appears in the rightmost position.