Perubahan Nilai Serum Kreatinin Sebelum dan Sesudah Injeksi Kontras pada Pasien dengan Penurunan Fungsi Ginjal yang Menjalani Pemeriksaan CT-Scan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik

Abstract

One of the most commonly performed clinical examinations is imaging, which aims to identify the anatomical structures of a specific organ or organ system, or even evaluate its physiological changes through various specialized methods. Computed tomography (CT)-scan is a diagnostic test that combines X-ray capabilities and computer technology to produce images capable of visualizing the inside of the body. In CT scans, the use of contrast serves as a chemical "dye" to mark important areas to be evaluated both anatomically and physiologically, and it is only performed with specific indications considering that the injected substance is iodine-based, and it is reported to have several side effects. Acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute kidney failure due to contrast is one of the most common iatrogenic events encountered in everyday clinical practice. Serum creatinine is one of the main biomarkers, where an increase of more than 1.5-1.9 times the normal threshold (or an increase of 0.3 mg/dL or ≥26.5 μmol/L) can be diagnosed with AKI according to KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes). We present a study on the effects of contrast on changes in creatinine levels as a biomarker, especially in patients with decreased kidney function. The increase in serum creatinine can be effectively used as a biomarker to anticipate the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to contrast agents, especially in patients experiencing decreased kidney function.