Aplikasi Box-Behnken Design untuk Optimasi Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak dari Ekstrak Etanol Buah Kemloko (Phyllanthus Emblica L.) melalui Radiasi Microwave

Abstract

Background : Silver nanoparticles are synthesized using plant extracts because they are safer and environmentally friendly, for example Kemloko fruit (Phyllanthus emblica L.). To produce optimal yields, optimization was carried out using Box-Behnken Design. Objective : The aim of this research is to determine the optimization process for silver nanoparticles synthesis using the Box-Behnken Design. Methods : This research includes making kemloko fruit ethanolic extract, determining single factors, synthesizing silver nanoparticles according to the Box- Behnken Design with yield response, characterization of silver nanoparticles. Results: The results show that the outcome of the characterization of dry powder meet the requirements, namely determining the water content of 6,65%, water soluble essence content of 41.62%, ethanol soluble essence content of 50.92%, total ash content of 3.51%, acid insoluble ash content 0.31%. The optimum yield value was obtained at 450 W power, 3 minutes and 0.5625% extract concentration. Silver nanoparticles was characterized and showed a maximum wavelength at λ= 400,50 nm. In the FTIR characterization results, it can be seen that the OH stretching group of phenol has a peak of 3429.43 cm-1, the C=O group of aldehydes and ketones has a peak of 1697.36 cm-1, the N=O group has a peak of 1346.31 cm-1, the C-O from ester at peak 1051.20 cm-1, C-H alkene group, C=C at peak 881.47 cm-1. Silver nanoparticles size analysis shows an average size of 52.35 nm. The SEM characterization results show that the silver nanoparticles has random round shape and small sizes. Conclusion: The best synthesis conditions are power variation of 450 W, a synthesis time of 3 minutes and an extract concentration at 0.5625% with 86,11% yield.