Analisis Pulse Time Gelombang Ultrasonik untuk Mendeteksi Jarak dan Material Objek

Abstract

In technological developments, ultrasonic sensors are often used to measure distances from an object. The ultrasonic sensor commonly used to measure distance is the ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04. Ultrasonic sensors use sound waves to determine the distance of the shot at the object. The objects used in this study were made of iron, wood, glass, foam, paper and walls. Often ultrasonic sensors cannot detect distance accurately because the distance on an object is too far out of reach and there are reflections from other objects or objects around it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the pulse time of ultrasonic waves to detect the distance and material of the object. The device is controlled by Arduino Uno and Matlab and the pulse signal readings are displayed on an oscilloscope. In theory permittivity and permeability, ultrasonic waves have a reflection coefficient in iron with a value of 0.999, wood with a value of 0.09 – 0.33, glass material with a value of 0.36 – 0.51. The ultrasonic sensor on the echo pin connected to the oscilloscope will display the pulse reflected by the object. The ultrasonic sensor on the echo pin connected to the oscilloscope will display the pulse reflected by the object. The ultrasonic sensor can also read the distance from 2 cm to 400 cm from the actual distance and at a distance of 5 cm to 30 cm has an accuracy rate of about 95%. Pulse time ultrasonic waves from the measurement results can detect the distance and material of the object.