Aktivitas Proteksi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Poguntano (Picria Fel-Terrae Lour.) terhadap Kadar Nitrit Oksida dan Gambaran Histologi Jantung Tikus Diinduksi Doksorubisin

Abstract

Background: Anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin, which belongs to the anthracycline group, often cause cardiotoxicity due to the increased NO levels, leading to myocardial dysfunction mediated by apoptosis. The administration of EEHP expected to protect the heart from the toxicity induced by doxorubicin. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of EEHP on plasma NO levels and the heart histology of doxorubicin-induced rats. Methods: In this study, heart histology was examined using Hematoxylin-eosin staining and observed under a microscope. Plasma NO levels were determined spectrophotometrically using the Griess reagent. Results: The results showed an increase in NO levels in the negative control group (175.4 ± 1.25 μmol/L). In the positive control group (47.4 ± 1.63 μmol/L) and the EEHP groups with doses of 50 (115.1 ± 0.95 μmol/L), 100 (103.8 ± 1.56 μmol/L), 200 (94.2 ± 1.90 μmol/L), and 400 mg/kgBW (55.2 ± 1.54 μmol/L), there was a decrease, indicating the protective activity of the extract in doxorubicin-induced rats. Histological examination of the rat hearts showed no heart damage in the normal control group, and better heart conditions in the extract and positive groups compared to the doxorubicin negative control group, which showed severe hemorrhage and necrosis. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEHP has protective activity by reducing NO levels and improving the histological appearance of hearts induced by doxorubicin.