Aktivitas Inhibisi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Poguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) terhadap Kadar iNOS pada Tikus Jantan yang Diinduksi Doksorubisin

Abstract

Background: Doxorubicin is one of the drugs used in cancer therapy, but has side effects that can produce compounds that are toxic to heart cells. Poguntano herb (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) contains many flavonoid compounds and strong antioxidant activity that can play a role in protecting the heart from the side effects of doxorubicin use. Objective: To determine the inhibitory activity ethanol extract of poguntano herb (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) on iNOS levels in male rats with doxorubicin induced. Methods: This research was conducted experimentally with the stages of research including making simplisia, making herbs poguntano extract by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent, characterization of simplisia and extract, phytochemical screening of simplisia and extract, and testing the extract on male rats. They were divided into 7 treatment groups, namely normal, quercetin 50 mg/kg BW, CMC-Na 0,5%, and extract ethanol of poguntano herb in doses of 50, 100, 200, and, 400. Rats were given oral treatment for 9 days. On eight and ninth day, doxorubicin was given i.p. On 10th day, blood was taken from the heart of the rats and centrifuged to obtain serum. Then iNOS level was measured using ELISA test (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Results: The results showed that the administration of ethanol extract of poguntano herb in doses of 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg BW can reduce iNOS levels when compared to the negative control CMC-Na 0,5% which was significantly different (p <0.05). The lowest iNOS levels were found in the normal group followed by the therapy group administering quercetin 50 mg/kgBB, EEHP 400 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, 100 mg/kgBB, and 50 mg/kgBB with the value of iNOS levels respectively 1.47 ± 0.61; 2.09 ± 0.05; 2.50 ± 0.04; 2.84 ± 0.04; 3.61 ± 0.04; and 4.79 ± 0.04 ng/ml. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of poguntano herb inhibitory activity on iNOS levels in doxorubicin-induced male rats. The 400 mg/kgBB dose of poguntano herb ethanol extract gives the most significant effect in reducing iNOS levels with levels of 2.50 ± 0.04 ng/ml.