Preparasi Poliuretan Alam dari Campuran Getah Nangka (Artocarpus Heterophyllus) dan PEG 400 menggunakan Monomer Isosianat (TDI)

Abstract

Preparation of natural polyurethane from jackfruit sap is done by reacting the jackfruit sap with 98% formic acid and 30% H2O2, then polyurethane production is carried out by reacting the jackfruit sap polyol with PEG 400 using isocyanate monomer with variations of PEG 400: jackfruit sap polyol with the addition of toluene 2.4 -diisocyanate, namely 0:100; 20:80; 40:60; 60:40; 80:20 and 100:0. The polyurethane that has been obtained is then tested for the degree of swelling to determine the cross-linking of the polyurethane. Jackfruit sap from the GC-MS test has a number of compounds containing two hydroxyl groups. The results of the FT-IR spectrum of jackfruit sap and jackfruit sap polyol show the presence of OH groups of 3362.1 cm-1 and 3414.2 cm-1, respectively. The results of the FT-IR spectrum show that polyurethane can be synthesized from jackfruit sap polyol as evidenced by the presence of absorption at a wave number of around 3300 cm-1 which indicates the absorption of the –NH group from the urethane and the absence of a peak at 2275-2250 cm-1 indicates that the isocyanate has reacted completely with a hydroxyl group. The optimum polyurethane ratio was obtained in a polyurethane ratio of 20:80 with a swelling degree percentage of 10.02% with the highest crosslinking. The SEM morphology of 20:80 ratio polyurethane has a more homogeneous surface with no visible particles scattered on the polyurethane surface, and TGA analysis shows high thermal stability with a total mass loss of 92.77% at a temperature of 600°C.