Formulasi Nanosuspensi Parasetamol yang Dibuat dengan Metode Pengendapan-Penguapan Uji In Vitro dan Efek Analgetik dan Antipiretik

Abstract

Background: Paracetamol use to relieve pain and fever, generally formulated in suspension form. The disadvantage of suspension caused caking, so nanosuspension was developed, using the evaporative-precipitation method with polymer variation. Objective: To formulate paracetamol nanosuspension using the evaporativeprecipitation method with polymer variation, characterization, and comparison of analgesic and antipyretic activity with suspension. Method: Paracetamol nanosuspension was prepared by the evaporativeprecipitation method, dissolving 400mg of paracetamol into 2 mL of ethanol. The solution of paracetamol is mixed into water-phase, which consisted of Tween 80 solution and polymer (PVPK-30/Xanthan Gum/ Sodium Alginate), while evaporating the ethanol. The preparations were evaluated, including organoleptic, particle size, zeta potential, pH, density, determination of paracetamol level, dissolution, and stability for 3 months. Nanosuspension with the best polymer was selected to compare the effects of analgesic and antipyretic activity. Results: The particle size of nanosuspension with PVPK-30, Xanthan Gum, and Sodium Alginate in sequence were 11.27±0.40nm; 15.67±0.50nm; dan 18.30±0.82nm. Nanosuspension and suspension levels met the requirements in the range of 90-110%, where nanosuspension PVPK-30 showed higher rate 107.19±0,0063%. All paracetamol nanosuspensions showed faster dissolution than suspensions. Nanosupension PVPK-30 showed the best dissolution 99.73±0.1501% within 60 minutes. The analgesic pain-time response and antipyretic temperaturetime observation, results showed nanosuspension was better than suspension. Conclusion: Nanosuspensions have faster dissolution, have better analgetic and antipyretic activity compared to suspension. The formula is best shown by the PVPK-30.