Aktivitas Sediaan Hidrogel Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) terhadap Ekspresi NF-κB dan TNF-α pada Penyembuhan Luka Tikus Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Impaired wound healing in individuals with diabetes mellitus is caused by increased expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in inflammation phase of wound healing. Coconut shell waste can be converted into liquid smoke which contains phenolic components that are potential in increasing wound healing process. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of coconut shell liquid smoke hydrogel at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75% as diabetic wound healing alternative through expression of NF-κB and TNF-α. Methods: Grade 1 liquid smoke was prepared through pyrolisis of coconut shell at 400˚C, also distillation and redistillation process at 150˚C and 100˚C respectively. It was then formulated into hydrogel at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The hydrogels, Bioplacenton gel (positive control), and hydrogel basis (negative control) were applicated on the dorsal incisive wound of the nicotinamidestreptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Biopsy of wound area was then taken after 3, 7, and 14 days of application to undergo immunohistochemistry analysis through expression of NF-κB and TNF-α. The data were then statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Diabetic rats treated with grade 1 liquid smoke hydrogel at concentration of 25% shows the best decrease in the expression of NF-κB and TNF-α. These results are close (P > 0.05) to positive control and significantly different (P < 0.05) compared to negative control which shows increasing in the NF-κB and TNF-α expression from 3, 7, to 14 days of application. Conclusion: Based on the experiment conducted, grade 1 liquid smoke hydrogel at concentration of 25% is potential in increasing wound healing process as it successfully decreases the NF-κB and TNF-α expression.