Livelihood Strategies Petani menghadapi Perubahan Iklim di Desa Sosor Dolok Kecamatan Harian Kabupaten Samosir

Abstract

Climate change has an impact on the agricultural sector, namely, crop failure, decreased production, and crop damage for farmers. Based on this fact, farmers need to respond by adapting to climate change. This research aims to see how the livelihood strategies applied by farmers in the face of climate change. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with data collection of in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and questionnaires. For analysis, this study used the social action theory proposed by Max Weber which explains that there are 4 types of social action, namely instrumental rational action, valueoriented rational action, affective action and traditional action. It was found that farmers in Sosor Dolok Village do livelihood engineering and livelihood diversification to deal with climate change. In livelihood engineering, extensification is done by leasing land, clearing other people's abandoned land, managing land given to them without rental fees. In intensification, farmers improve crop care by using the best seeds, using fertilizers, making bonggang on the side of terraces, rejuvenating coffee, changing crops, leaving the land overgrown with weeds after corn harvest to restore soil fertility, using sprinkle spray to water plants that cannot be accessed by water from irrigation. In diversifying their livelihoods, farmers do side jobs in the agricultural sector and outside the agricultural sector. In the agricultural sector, they become farm laborers, raise livestock, graze other people's livestock, and maragat. On the other hand, in the off-farm sector, farmers become builders and open tuak stalls. In the analysis of Max Weber's theory of social action, livelihood engineering is classified as instrumental rational action. On the other hand, livelihood diversification is classified as value-oriented rational action.