Penetapan Kadar Total Fenol, Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Ekstrak Kaya Polifenol dari Daun Ketepeng (Cassia alata (L.) Roxb)

Abstract

Background: There are several factors that affect a plant extract. This will affect the acquisition of a level of active substance compounds, one of which is the variation of the extraction method used. Objective: This study aims to determine the differences in polyphenol content, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity in ethanol extracts and polyphenol-rich extracts of ketepeng leaves. Methods: The research was conducted experimentally including sample preparation, making ketepeng leaf extract, characterization of simplisia, phytochemical screening, determination of total phenol content using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent with gallic acid standard, determination of total flavonoids using AlCl3 reagent with kuersetin standard. Determination of antioxidant activity by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazil) method with kuersetin as a comparator, then measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: The highest phenol content was obtained in the polyphenol-rich extract which was 58.9877 ± 0.0175 mg GAE/g sample and the lowest in the ethanol extract which was 54.2001 ± 0.8649 mg GAE/g sample. The highest flavonoid content in the polyphenol-rich extract was 47.0022 ± 0.1053 mg QE/g sample and the lowest in the ethanol extract was 24.8707 ± 0.0696 mg QE/g sample. The antioxidant activity of polyphenol-rich extract had the best IC50 value of 68.8992 μg/ml and ethanol extract had IC50 of 71.7708 μg/ml. Conclusion: The results showed that there were differences in total phenol densities, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts and polyphenol-rich extracts of ketepeng leaves.