Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pinang (Areca Catechu L.) terhadap Morfologi dan Histologi Lambung Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Abstract

Areca nut is one of the traditional medicinal plants that has potency as antidiabetics. This study aims to analyze the safety of giving ethanol extract of areca catechu nut (Areca catechu L.) on the gastric morphology and the histology in alloxan induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). This study was conducted from September 2023 to December 2023. A total of 24 male rats were induced by alloxan and then treated with areca nut extract and metformin. The research method used a complete randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and four replicates each. The treatments consisted of normal control treatment); positive control which was only induced by alloxan 150 mg/kg BW; three treatments induced by alloxan and given ethanol extract of areca nut with doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW, and one treatment induced by alloxan and given metformin 45mg/kg BW. The results showed that the administration of ethanol extract of areca nut up to a dose of 300 mg/kg BW is relatively safe, because no toxic effects are found in the form of damage to the gastric. Ethanol extract of areca nut at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW even able to improve morphology in the form of gastric color, improve gastric histology by reducing the average hydropic degeneration to 20.20, necrosis to 8.1, inflammatory cell infiltration to 6.15, reducing the number of epithelial desquamation, the mucosal epithelial erosion and the epithelial ulceration (p<0.05), but has not significant effect on reducing gastric weight (p>0.05).