Uji Toksisitas Dermal dari Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) Grade 1 dan Identifikasi Senyawa secara LC-HRMS

Abstract

Background: Liquid smoke is a developmental product of coconut fishing waste through a pyrolysis process at 400-600°C that contains lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and other carbon compounds so it is known as a good food preservative, and a substitute for formalin because it has antimicrobial activity. Objective: This study aims to determine the potential for acute and subchronic toxicity of grade 1 coconut smoke as well as identification against liquid smoke using LC-HRMS. Methods: The methods carried out are experimental including sample processing, liquid smoke production, liquid fume purification, testing of the effects of acute and subchronic dermal toxicity. Results: Acute and subchronic dermal toxicity test results showed no toxic symptoms and death in mice after liquid smoke administration but slight damage to the liver organs and kidneys of the test animal. In a subchronous dermal dose test of 1000 mg/kgBB, microscopic results of liver tissue such as sinusoid proliferation, inflammation, hydrophobic degeneration, and necrosis as well as focal inflammatory cell aggregate (granuloma) were shown. In the kidneys experienced dilated tubulus, glomerulus atrophy, endothelial disappearance, bowman capsule thickening, retraction on the juxtaglomerular apparatus, hemorrhage of less than 25% tissue. Liquid smoke identification results using LC-HRMS showed 23 compounds containing over 96% similarity with the content of the dominant compound stearamide, trans-trans-2,4-heptadienal, bis(methylbenzylidene) sorbitol, N,N-diethyldodecanamide, tridemorph, diethanolamine, crotonic acid, docosanamide, and dodecylamine. Conclusion: From the result it can be concluded that the liquid smoke of grade 1 coconut can cause toxic effects with potentially reversible damage to liver and kidney organs.