Potensi Bakteri Biosurfaktan dari Limbah Detergen dalam Mendegradasi Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate

Abstract

Contamination of detergent containing linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) waste could occur due to the absence of a standard system regarding waste management, especially from laundry businesses. This research aims to obtain biosurfactantproducing bacterial isolates from water contaminated with detergent waste to degrade LAS. The parameters observed were the screening for biosurfactant activity, growth of isolates, biosurfactant concentration, and and the residue of LAS. Isolation was carried out on selective Bushnell-Haas Agar (BHA) medium which was added with 100 ppm LAS as the only carbon source. The total of obtained 16 bacterial isolates capable of producing biosurfactants resulted in various IE24 values. Screening for biosurfactant activity in the form of Emulsification Index (IE24), 6 isolates were selected to be tested further, they were BSS 15 at 48.5; BSS 08 at 43.8; BSP 20 at 39 .6; BSP 01 at 36.4; BSS 10 at 33 and BSS 13 at 29. The highest cell population was shown by isolate BSS 15 with total count was 16 x 109 CFU/ml. The Biosurfactant production by the isolates was performed in Bushnell-Haas Broth (BHB), with the highest result were concentration in isolate BSS 15 day 5 with a concentration value of 140.3 ppm; isolate BSS 08 with a value of 130.1 ppm; isolate BSP 13 with a value of 119.7 ppm and isolate BSS 10 with a value of 110.7 ppm. Furthermore, tests were carried out on the ability of bacteria to degrade LAS surfactant with the best result shown by isolates BSS 15 with the reduction up to 88.2% while the lowest one was shown by isolates BSS 10 with the reduction value was 65.9%. This shows that the BSS 15 isolate has the potential to degrade LAS surfactant because it shows the best results in terms of biosurfactant activity, bacterial growth, biosurfactant production and LAS decomposition so that it can be developed as a bioremediation agent.