Pengaruh Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Paclobutrasol dalam Media Murashige & Skoog (MS) dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Viabilitas Biji Sintetik Chrysanthemum Sp.

Abstract

Plants produced by plant tissue cultures have problems in viability especially when they are to be distributed over long periods of time. The technology of making synthetic seeds of plants is an alternative that needs to be done as in the cultivation of Chrysanthemum sp. The aim of the research was to obtain a combination of treatment paclobutrasol in the media Murashige & Skoog (MS) and long storage of the best synthesized seeds in producing synthetical seeds Chrysanthemum Sp. that are viable. Calus Chrysanthemum sp. obtained from UPT. Calus is made into synthetic seeds by encapsulating it in an MS medium by the addition of paclobutrasol in 5 concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ppm. Experimentally, the synthetic seeds produced were combined in factorial RAL with storage times of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks to determine their viability. The parameters used to determine the viability of a synthetic seed were the synthesis seed profile, the growth time of a synthesized seed, the percentage of fertility, the contamination ratio, the browning rate, the wet weight, and the dry weight. The results of the study show from several observational parameters that the combination of treatment with paclobutrasol and the long storage of synthetical seed, it has a real influence on the growing time, the wet weight and the dry weight (P<0,05). The concentration of 5 ppm and the storage time of 4 weeks (P5L4) can inhibit the growth of the Chrysanthemum sp. and remain viable after 79-88 days after rehydration. Synthetic seeds of Chrysanthemum sp. have a 97.78% lifespan, add 78% synthetic seed maturity, 2.2% contamination, and a 3.33% browning. Giving paclobutrasol 5 ppm at all lengths of storage tends to increase the wet and dry weight of the Chrysanthemum sp. while treatment of increasing long storage at all concentrations of paclobutrasol tend to decrease the wet weight and the dry weight of Chrysanthemum sp.