Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC.) terhadap Beberapa Isolat Mikroba Patogen Klinis

Abstract

The andaliman fruit is a spice plant typical of the Pollung area, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. andaliman fruit contains bioactive compounds that function as antioxidants and antimicrobials, so it can be utilized as an alternative to natural antibiotics. There are many cases of antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. There are many cases of antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of andaliman fruit extract against several clinical pathogenic microbes. The andaliman fruit was macerated using 3 types of solvents namely ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane with the ratio of extract and solvent 1: 10. The andaliman fruit extract was tested for antimicrobial activity against the test microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans by the Kirby Bauer method (agar diffusion method), the extract concentrations used were 15, 25, 35, and 45%. The results of the phytochemical screening test showed that andaliman fruit using 3 solvents contained alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins. The results showed that the three andaliman fruit extracts could inhibit the growth of the three test microorganisms, ethanol extracts were more effective than ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts against the test microorganisms. The andaliman fruit extract with a concentration of 45% with ethanol solvent showed high effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus microbes. The higher the concentration of the extract, the greater the inhibition zone produced.