Perbandingan Ekspresi Reseptor Vitamin D pada Jaringan Mioma Uteri dan Jaringan Miometrium Normal di RSP Prof Dr Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background: Uterine fibroids are among the most common benign tumors found in women of reproductive age, with vitamin D deficiency considered to play a role in their neoplastic development. The role of vitamin D as an inflammatory regulator is deemed crucial in reducing the risk of uterine fibroids, given the significantly lower levels of vitamin D receptors (VDR) in this population. Therefore, this study is aimed to identify differences in VDR levels between the uterine fibroid group and a population without uterine abnormalities. Methods: This analytical observational study with a case-control design was conducted at Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, from May 2024 until the minimum sample size was reached. The researchers included women who consented to have their VDR levels assessed and who had undergone hysterectomy with histopathological findings of either uterine fibroids or normal myometriums. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0. Results: Approximately 26 sample were included in the final analysis, with a mean age and body mass index (BMI) of 47.0 ± 7.7 years old and 27.4 ± 4.4 kg/m², respectively. A statistically significant difference (P=0.002) was observed in VDR expression levels between fibroid and normal myometrium tissues, with a higher proportion of weak VDR expression in fibroids (61.5% vs. 19.2%). Additionally, a lower proportion of strong VDR expression was found in fibroids (15.4% vs. 57.7%), indicating a link between VDR levels and the occurrence of uterine fibroids. Conclusion: A higher proportion of weak VDR expression was observed in the fibroid group, suggesting a relationship between lower VDR levels and an increased risk of fibroid occurrence.