Hubungan Kemoterapi dengan Mukositis Oral pada Pasien Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut

Abstract

Chemotherapy is the main treatment in patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). The drugs used have a toxic effect on the mucosa and are at risk of causing oral mucositis. This study aims to determine the relationship between chemotherapy and oral mucositis in ALL patients. The type of research is an analytical observational research with a cross sectional approach, conducted in the Hemato-Oncology Unit of Child Health Sciences at Adam Malik Hospital and Murni Teguh Hospital since May 2024. The subject of the study was taken by consecutive sampling technique according to the inclusion criteria, namely ALL patients aged <18 years, undergoing chemotherapy and their parents gave consent. Data were collected using questionnaires and intraoral examinations, then analyzed using a chi-square statistical test. A total of 69 found that 60 ALL patients experienced oral mucositis (87%), the most severe degree was degree 1 (34.8%) and the most oral mucositis occurs in the consolidation phase (56.7%). There was a significant relationship in the age group (p= 0.019) and oral hygiene treatment (p=0.032) of ALL patients receiving chemotherapy for oral mucositis. There was no significant difference between the standard risk group and the high-risk group with oral mucositis in patients with ALL (p=0.766), but there was a significant relationship between chemotherapy in the consolidation phase and oral mucositis (p=0.001). The conclusion of this study that there is a relationship between chemotherapy and oral mucositis in ALL patients.