Fungsi dan Makna Ornamen pada Memorial Makam Munson dan Lyman : Kajian Semiotika

Abstract

This thesis is entitled "The Function and Meaning of Ornaments on the Munson and Lyman Memorial Tombs: A Semiotic Study." Its purpose is to describe the forms, functions, and meanings of ornaments on the Munson and Lyman Memorial Tombs. The theory used to analyze the data is Charles Sander Peirce's semiotic theory, employing a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the writing show the existence of 21 types of forms, functions, and meanings of ornaments on the Munson and Lyman Memorial Tombs, namely: Relief ornaments of the SS Duncan ship & Relief ornaments of the Mederika ship, Relief ornaments of traders, Relief ornaments of Munson and Lyman meeting with Datuk Mangkuto, Relief ornaments of barter activities, Relief ornaments of Martonun, Manduda, and Paragat, Relief ornaments of returning from the garden, planting rice, Relief ornaments of Munson and Lyman showing the Bible as a sign language and royal guards bringing Munson and Lyman to meet the king, Relief ornaments of King Panggalamei asking Munson and Lyman, Relief ornaments of Munson and Lyman in Uning-uningi, Relief ornaments of tragic incidents resulting in the death of Munson and Lyman & Relief ornaments of the cross symbol, Relief ornaments of Onan Hariara, Relief ornaments of Nommensen's arrival to the Batak land, Relief ornaments of the community welcoming Nommensen's arrival, Relief ornaments of the establishment of the first church and the community starting to attend church, Relief ornaments of the establishment of the first Zending school and children starting to attend school, Relief ornaments of Batak people graduating from Nommensen's education, Relief ornaments of negotiations and peace between the Batak people and Americans, Relief ornaments of the reconstruction of the Padri war, Relief ornaments of the form of Jesus Christ, Grave tombstone ornaments. There are 21 types of ornament functions, including as transportation tools, trade tools, travel documentation, buying and selling transactions, visualization of weaving activities, agriculture, communication, judicial tools, accompanying customary ceremony processes, determining the burden of evangelists, barter places, missionary missions, church monuments, schools, graduations, peace symbols, Padri war, spread of Christianity, and grave markers. There are 21 types of ornament meanings, including depicting the journey of Munson and Lyman, urban trade, details of community life, visualization of communication, language translation, correct action in misunderstandings, judicial processes, punishment, customary rituals, Nommensen's arrival, community acceptance of Nommensen, church construction, community education, educational outcomes, peace, spread of Christianity, and the journey of spreading the Gospel in the Batak land.