Uji Efektifitas Buah Berenuk (Crescentia cujete) dan Bunga Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) sebagai Bioinsektisida terhadap Mortalitas Ulat Grayak (Spodoptera frugiperda) dan Tingkat Kerusakan Tanaman Sawi

Abstract

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) poses a significant threat to important crops in Indonesia, leading to productivity losses and economic impacts. Botanical insecticides have garnered attention in crop cultivation due to their ease of application and effectiveness against specific pests. This study investigated the efficacy of a botanical insecticide formulated from berenuk fruit (Crescentia cujete) and clove flower (Syzygium aromaticum) extracts, a popular medicinal plant, in mitigating S. frugiperda infestations through in planta or field trial on mustard (Brassica chinensis var. parachinensis). The experiment employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments of botanical insecticide at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80%, each repeated four times. Observed parameters included mustard plant growth profiles (plant height, plant count, fresh weight), leaf damage index (LDI), and mortality rate after 25 days after treatment (DAT). The results showed a significant concentration-response relationship for mortality rates. The highest mortality of S. frugiperda (5.50) was observed in the treatment with 80% clove flower extract. Both berenuk fruit and clove flower extracts at 80% treatments displayed the lowest LDI (1.0), indicating that the intensity of the attack was not very high for these treatments. The study suggests that a combination of C. cujete and S. aromaticum can be promoted as an effective insecticide agent. Further investigation with larger sample populations and different target plants is recommended for future research.