Modifikasi Aspal dengan Karet Alam Reaktif: Fungsionalisasi Karet Alam dengan Maleat Anhidrat (MA), Glisidil Metakrilat (GMA) untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Aspal

Abstract

Natural rubber biopolymer has the potential to be used as an additive in the manufacture of polymer modified asphalt or rubber asphalt. This study aims to synthesize a reactive polymer based on natural rubber (SIR-20) through the melting process of grafting copolymerization of maleic anhydrous (MA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and divinyl benzene (DVB) using a dicumyl peroxide (DCP) initiator in an internal mixer. Variations of monomer concentrations of MA, GMA, DVB and DCP initiator were carried out to obtain optimal grafting degrees of MA and GMA and DVB in natural rubber. The success of MA and GMA grafting can be determined by comparing the FTIR spectrum with the FTIR spectrum of pure rubber. The degree of grafting was determined by titration using an alkaline solution in methanol such as sodium hydroxide, with phenolphthalein as an indicator. The results of this natural rubber modification will be used as an asphalt additive. Mixing asphalt with functionalized reactive natural rubber was carried out in an open mixer, temperature of 180°C for 90 minutes. The quality assessment of rubber asphalt is based on the results of penetration testing, softening point, ductility, rheological tests on rubber-asphalt, and morphology. The degree of grafting obtained was 0.39% for MA and 0.93% for GMA. The results of rheological studies show that the addition of 3% reactive natural rubber in asphalt can increase asphalt penetration, softening point and ductility which are still within the limits of asphalt quality requirements and increase rutting resistance and crack strength.