Tradisi Betutor dalam Upacara Adat Perkawinan pada Masyarakat Melayu Tamiang: Pendekatan Antropolinguistik

Abstract

Betutor is the process of communicating thoughts and feelings of language speakers on a single hanging or a group of people as part of the repayment of pantun determined during customary ceremonies by spokesperson telangke who enjoys the rites (birth, marriage, and death) and other customary activities in Malay Tamiang community. To analyze betutor, an anthropolinguistic approach is used, which is interdisciplinary between language and the behavior (practice) of language. This study used anthropolinguistic parameters of interconnection, valuability, and sustainability. The study aimed to formulate patterns of betutor performance, summarize local wisdom in betutor tradition, and create a pattern of revitalization so that the speaker can be preserved and passed on to future generations. The method used is the ethnographic method proposed by Spradley. The type of data used in this research consists of observation data and interview data. Primary data sources are the recordings of the speaker, the results of the interview, and the observation results. The findings on the local wisdom of betutor explain the meaning, function, value, and norms contained in it. The results of the research show that the performance of betutor is a negotiating performance consisting of persuasive and declarative expression. Performer components can consist of pairs and single. The meaning of betutor in Malay Tamiang community is the delivery of messages or family wishes related to the marriage process that will be carried out by both families. The cultural values contained in betutor are values of respect, appreciation, and responsibility. The social norms contained in betutor follow the customary scheme, the law of the sharia, and the laws of the government in force. The revitalization pattern consists of two phases: long-term and short-term. For a short-term program, reactivate betutor group so that it can exist and survive for long-term management. Longterm programs will be documented in audio-video, archived in digital form, and books. In addition, the training of betutor cultural workers or telangke is a step toward inheriting the oral tradition from the young generation of Malay Tamiang community.